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Henry L. Pulley, Research Specialist, Virginia Tech
Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center
6321 Holland Rd.
Suffolk, Virginia 23437
(757) 657-6450
Sincere thanks is given to the many cooperators and contributors who have made the Soybean Variety Evaluation Tests possible.
The cooperation and support offered by commercial seed companies, state crop improvement associations, and several experiment stations in supplying seed and information on varieties is gratefully acknowledged.
Special thanks is given to the following cooperators for supplying land and technical assistance while conducting these tests:
C. L. Barrack, Eastern Virginia Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Warsaw
D. Dixon, Northern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Orange
W. B. Wilkinson, III, Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Blackstone
G. R. Buss, Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, VPI & SU, Blacksburg
J. T. Custis and D. V. Midkiff, Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter
R. A. Ashburn, Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Suffolk
Rodney Foster, Producer, City of Chesapeake
Ted Haberland, Producer, Orange County
Lyle Pugh, Producer, City of Chesapeake
A special note of appreciation is also extended to the Unit Extension Faculty who do an excellent job of disseminating the information.
The authors would also like to express appreciation to Patsy Lewis, Patty Turner, Nathan Carr, and Teresa Vaughan for their technical and secretarial assistance. Their assistance in the collection of data and preparation of this report is gratefully acknowledged.
Financial assistance from the Virginia Soybean Board to help fund a portion of these tests is gratefully acknowledged.
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The purpose of this publication is to provide performance data of the many soybean varieties offered for sale in Virginia. These data should be of benefit to producers and agribusinesses in making selections of varieties for their use. It is realized that not all varieties which are offered for sale in Virginia are included in these tests. There is no implication that varieties not included are inferior in any way, but only that they have not been tested. The private varieties that have been evaluated in these tests were submitted for testing by commercial seed companies.
Variety evaluations were conducted under full season conditions at Blackstone, Chesapeake, Orange, Painter, Suffolk, and Warsaw. Double-crop tests were no-till planted at Chesapeake, Orange, Painter, Suffolk, and Warsaw. Due to the number of entries, it was necessary to separate the varieties by maturity groups and sometimes by early and late varieties within a maturity group in all locations.
1998 was another trying year for most soybean producers because of drought in Virginia. On the other hand, the many parts of southeastern Virginia received bountiful late-season rainfall and yields reflected this. For the full season tests, yields were very good in all locations except Orange (Northern Piedmont) and Warsaw (Northern Coastal Plain). Warsaw remained dry all season, but the double-crop location for Orange County (near Culpepper, VA) received a very timely rain in September (not reflected in the rainfall data). This coupled with a good Davidson soil resulted in excellent yields. Lack of rain during the harvest season enabled timely harvest. Due to high variability in the data, the Orange full-season early MG V test and the Suffolk double-crop late MG IV test were not included in this report. A few other locations also experience high variability, therefore care must be take when evaluating data from sites where the CV > 15.
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Tables 1 through 11 contain the results of the 1998 tests and also include two-year mean yields at each location. The highest yielding varieties are listed first in each table. It is not statistically correct to compare varieties from different maturity groups. However, it is recommended that producers select two to three of the highest yielding varieties from each maturity group adapted to his region in order to spread out harvesting time and yield risks associated with timing of summer rainfall patterns. Because of year to year variability in variety performance it is suggested that data for varieties with less than three locations or years testing be considered preliminary. The average performance of a variety over multiple environments is more reliable than its performance in one test. Many of the new varieties, which do not have two-year averages, are excellent and will probably earn a share of the Virginia soybean acreage. Other traits are also shown in the tables (maturity, lodging, height, quality,) because each producer emphasizes certain of these traits or a combination of them when selecting varieties for his farm. After examining these results, the producer may want to plant limited quantities of several new better performing varieties to observe how they perform on his farm and under his management conditions.
Within maturity groups at each location, an LSD (least significant difference) was calculated. The LSD is a statistical test calculated at the 10% probability level to aid the reader in comparing the yield differences among varieties within a particular maturity group. When two entries are compared and the difference between them is greater than the calculated LSD value, the varieties are considered to be significantly different. The "NS" designation indicates that there were no significant differences for yield among the varieties within that maturity group. The coefficient of variation (CV) is a relative measure of variation and is an indicator of the degree of precision associated with the test. For soybean variety evaluation tests, CV values less than 15% indicates that the precision of the test was good in distinguishing differences between varieties.
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The variety test were evaluated in a group balanced block design and replicated three times. Roundup Ready varieties were blocked separately from non-roundup ready varieties. Only Roundup Ultra herbicide was applied to the Roundup-Ready varieties. The non-Roundup Ready varieties in this test received the appropriate herbicide to control the weeds present. All test were weed free. Row widths, number of rows planted and harvested, and length of row harvested are shown on the production information page. Harvest was as near the date of first harvest maturity as work schedules and weather would permit. Fertilizer was applied according to VPI & SU soil test recommendations.
| Maturity Group | Full Season | Double-Crop |
|---|---|---|
| III | 190,000 | 220,000 |
| IV | 190,000 | 220,000 |
| V | 190,000 | 220,000 |
| VI | 190,000 | -- |
Early or Late Maturity Groups 4 and 5 are a designation for varieties which are early or late within those maturity groups.
Yields were taken and adjusted to 13% moisture. A bushel weight of 60 pounds was used to determine bushel-per-acre (BU/AC) yield.
Maturity (MAT in DAYS) was taken at the date when 95% of the pods turned brown (R8).
Lodging (LOD) notes are recorded on a scale of 1 to 5 according to the following criteria:
1.0 - almost all plants erect
2.0 - either all plants leaning slightly, or a few plants down
3.0 - either all plants leaning moderately (45o angle), or 25 to 50% down
4.0 - either all plants leaning considerably, or 50 to 80% down
5.0 - all plants down
Plant Height (HT) is determined as the average length of plants in a plot from the ground to the uppermost node of the plant at maturity.
Seed Quality (SQ) is rated from 1 to 5 according to the following scale: 1.0 = very good; 2.0 = good; 3.0 = fair; 4.0 = poor; 5.0 = very poor.
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| Location | Planting Date | Tillage System | Herbicides | Date Applied | Insecticides | Soil Type | Row Width | Number of Rows | Length of Row Harvested | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Planted | Harvested | |||||||||
|
Blackstone-FS |
6/2 |
Conv. |
Dual (Pre) |
6/2 |
None |
Helena SL (Sandy Loam) |
18" |
4 |
2 |
17¹ |
|
Chesapeake-FS |
5/20 |
No-Till |
Roundup(Burn down) |
5/20 |
None |
Ridge Land |
18" |
4 |
3 |
17' |
|
Orange-FS |
6/3 |
Conv. |
NRR:Assure II, |
6/24 |
None |
Dyke & Starr |
18" |
4 |
3 |
17' |
|
Painter-FS |
6/1 |
Conv. |
Dual II (Pre) |
6/1 |
None |
Bojac SL |
18" |
4 |
3 |
17' |
|
Suffolk-FS |
5/18 |
Conv. |
Dual,Sencore (Pre) |
5/18 |
Asana |
Lynchburg |
18" |
4 |
3 |
17' |
|
Warsaw-FS |
5/26 |
Conv. |
Dual II( Pre) |
5/26 |
Karate |
Kempsville loam |
30" |
4 |
2 |
12' |
|
Chesapeake-DC |
6/11 |
No-Till |
Roundup (Burndown) |
6/1 |
None |
Acredale |
18" |
4 |
3 |
17¹ |
|
Orange-DC |
6/22 |
No-Till |
NRR:Assure II, Blazer |
7/9 |
None |
Davidson |
9" |
7 |
5 |
17¹ |
|
Painter-DC |
6/18 |
No-Till |
Gramoxone (Burn Down) |
6/13 |
None |
Bojac SL |
18" |
4 |
3 |
17' |
|
Suffolk-DC |
6/29 |
No-Till |
Roundup,Dual(Burn down) |
6/30 7/16 7/16 |
None |
Suffolk |
18" |
4 |
3 |
17' |
|
Warsaw-DC |
7/1 |
No-Till |
Roundup ,Dual(Burn down) |
7/1 |
Karate |
Kempsville Loam |
24" |
4 |
2 |
12¹ |
*FS = Full-Season, DC = Double-crop, RR = Roundup Ready, NRR = Non Roundup Ready
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| Location | May | June | July | Aug. | Sept. | Oct. | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blackstone | 1998 | 3.83 | 2.48 | 0.79 | 3.47 | 5.55 | 0.98 | 17.1 |
| 31-7r Avg. | 3.43 | 3.63 | 5.34 | 4.00 | 3.63 | 2.65 | 22.68 | |
| Chesapeake | 1998 | 5.00 | 2.80 | 7.50 | 3.70 | 2.40 | 3.40 | 24.8 |
| 30-yr Avg. | 4.31 | 3.94 | 5.59 | 5.49 | 4.61 | 4.09 | 28.03 | |
| Orange | 1998 | 3.87 | 3.96 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 3.51 | 12.17 |
| 58-yr Avg. | 4.71 | 4.68 | 3.25 | 1.49 | 1.31 | 2.81 | 18.25 | |
| Painter | 1998 | 5.27 | 4.61 | 2.54 | 2.24 | 5.36 | 1.35 | 19.13 |
| 58-yr Avg. | 3.41 | 3.34 | 4.41 | 4.17 | 3.41 | 3.41 | 22.15 | |
| Suffolk | 1998 | 2.78 | 2.80 | 5.07 | 5.29 | 5.97 | 3.03 | 24.94 |
| 66-yr. Avg. | 3.77 | 4.18 | 5.87 | 5.77 | 4.13 | 3.39 | 27.11 | |
| Warsaw | 1998 | 4.49 | 6.05 | 2.00 | 0.89 | 1.93 | 1.39 | 16.75 |
| 34-yr Avg. | 4.47 | 3.74 | 4.18 | 4.02 | 4.02 | 3.28 | 23.71 |
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|
SUPPLIER |
BRAND |
VARIETY |
|
Ag-Chem, Inc. |
Dyna-Gro |
DG3444N, DG3530N,DG463 |
|
Asgrow Seed Company Kalamazoo, Mich.49002 |
Asgrow |
AG3601, AG3701, AG4341, AG4501, AG4601, AG4701, A5545, AG5601 |
|
AgriPro Seeds Inc. |
Hyperformer AgriPro |
HY 574, AP 4880, AP 543 RR, AP 588RR |
|
Caverndale Farms |
Caverndale |
CF 461, CF 492 |
|
Clemson University |
Public |
Musen, Dillion , SC 87-119 |
|
Dekalb Genetics Corp. |
DEKALB |
CX 420,CX460,CX478,CX485, CX494,CX499C,CX510C, CX570C |
|
Delta-King |
Delta King |
4762RR,5664RR,5961 RR |
|
Delta & Pine Land Co. |
Deltapine Sure-Grow |
DP 3478, DP 3519S, DP4344, DP4750, DP4969, DP5354, DP 5644 RR, DP5806, DPX8549, DPX8556, DPX8559 |
|
Hartz Seed |
Hartz |
H3090, H4252, H4452, H 4944 RR, H4994 RR, H5000 RR, H5013, H5181 RR, H5370, H5999 RR, H5545 RR, H5350 RR, H5855R H6013, H6255, H6686 RR |
|
Hoffman Seeds |
Hoffman NK |
3505 S42-60, S42-K2, S46-W8 |
|
Illinois Foundation Seeds Inc. |
Public |
Iroquois Macon |
|
Montague Farms |
Montague |
MFS-553, MFS-591, MFL-552, MFS-516 |
|
Md. Crop Improv. Assoc. |
Public |
Manokin, Bass, Wicomico, Md 92-5769 |
|
Mycogen Seeds |
Mycogen |
470, X5474 |
|
Missouri Foundation Seed |
Public |
Delsoy 5500, Magellan, Maverick, Mustang |
|
N. C. Foundation Seed, Inc. |
Public |
Brim, Clifford, Graham, Holladay, Prolina |
|
Novartis Seeds Inc. |
NK |
NK S53-Q7 NK S59-V6 NK S60-E4 |
|
Ohio State University |
Public |
Charleston, Stressland |
|
Pioneer Hi-Bred, Int'l, Inc. |
Pioneer |
93B71, 93B81, 9396, 94B01, 9421, 9482, 94B41, 9492, 94B81, 95B41, 95B71, 9594, 96B01, 9692 |
|
Southern States Coop., Inc. |
Southern States |
HT-381-STS, HT-527-STS, FFR 439, FFR-478n, FFR-493, FFR-563n, FFR-594, FFR-665, EXP 46646-STS, EXP 4663, RT-386, RT-3976, RT-3975, RT-446, RT-447, RT- 467, RT-517, RT-540N, RT-557, RT-560, RT-587,EXP RT-24813 |
|
Terra International, Inc. |
Terra |
Terra E387, TS 415, TS 474, Ts 4792, TS 504 |
|
Va .Foundation Seed, Inc. |
Public |
Accomac, Camp, Chesapeake, Hutcheson, York |
|
VPI & SU, Agron. Dept. |
Virginia Tech. Breeding Lines |
V89-805, V90-1012, V91-2492,V91-3036, V92-0254, V92-0847, V92-0974, V92-0995, V92-697, V93-2329, V93-3056, V93-3114, V94-0186, V94-0188, V94-0189, V94-0436, V94-0552, V94-0679, V94-1260, V94-1263, V94-1295, V94-1382, V94-1401, V94-1741, V94-1793, V94-198, Essex, Essex RSV1 |
|
Unisouth Genetics Inc. |
USG |
USG7547RR USG7557RR |
|
University of Arkansaw |
Public |
UARK-5896 |
|
University of Kentucky |
Public |
Calhoun |
|
University of Tennessee |
Public |
TN5-95, TN6-90 |
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Disclaimer: Trade and brand names are used only for the purpose of information and the sponsors do not guarantee nor warrant the standards of the product, nor do they imply approval of the product to the exclusion of others which may also be suitable.
Virginia Cooperative Extension programs and employment are open to all, regardless of race, color, religion, sex, age, veteran status, national origin, disability, or political affiliation. An equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and the U. S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. C. Clark Jones, Director, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; Lorenza W. Lyons, Administrator, 1890 Extension Programs, Virginia State, Petersburg.
