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Henry L. Pulley, Research Specialist, Virginia Tech
Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center
6321 Holland Rd.
Suffolk, Virginia 23437
(757) 657-6450
Sincere thanks is given to the many cooperators and contributors who have made the Soybean Variety Evaluation Tests possible.
The cooperation and support offered by commercial seed companies, state crop improvement associations, and several experiment stations in supplying seed and information on varieties is gratefully acknowledged.
Special thanks is given to the following cooperators for supplying land and technical assistance while conducting these tests:
C. L. Barrack, Eastern Virginia Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Warsaw,
D. Dixon, Northern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Orange,
W. B. Wilkinson, III, Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Blackstone,
G. R. Buss, Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, VPI & SU, Blacksburg,
J. T. Custis and D. V. Midkiff, Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter,
R. A. Ashburn, Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Suffolk
Rodney Foster, Producer, City of Chesapeake
Ted Haberland, Producer, Orange County
Lyle Pugh, Producer, City of Chesapeake
A special note of appreciation is also extended to the Unit Extension Faculty who do an excellent job of disseminating the information.
The authors would also like to express appreciation to Patsy Lewis, Patty Turner, Allen Kiger, and Teresa Vaughan for their technical and secretarial assistance. Their assistance in the collection of data and preparation of this report is gratefully acknowledged.
Financial assistance from the Virginia Soybean Board to help fund a portion of these tests is gratefully acknowledged.
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The purpose of this publication is to provide performance data of the many soybean varieties offered for sale in Virginia. These data should be of benefit to producers and agribusinesses in making selections of varieties for their use. It is realized that not all varieties which are offered for sale in Virginia are included in these tests. There is no implication that varieties not included are inferior in any way, but only that they have not been tested. The private varieties that have been evaluated in these tests were submitted for testing by commercial seed companies.
Variety evaluations were conducted under full-season and double cop conditions at Blackstone, Chesapeake, Orange, Painter, Suffolk, and Warsaw. All double-crop tests were no-till planted following small grains. Due to the number of entries, it was necessary to separate the varieties by maturity groups in all locations.
Virginia soybean yields in 1999 varied throughout the state. Early-season drought typified most of the state until late June or early July. These conditions delayed full-season planting in Warsaw and Painter. Note that the Warsaw full-season and double-crop tests were planted in the same week. In Painter, two weeks separated planting. In southeastern Virginia and on the Eastern Shore, rains brought timely relief in late-June and July. However, the rest of the state remained dry until September when hurricane rains occurred. As one will note by the yield data, the Northern and Southern Piedmont locations (Orange and Blackstone) suffered the most. An exception to this weather pattern was the full-season test at Rapidan River Plantation (Orange). This location received ample rainfall throughout the growing season. Yields in the Northern Coastal Plain (Warsaw) were surprisingly good considering the early drought; late-season rains were very timely. The Eastern Shore (Painter) yields were generally very good, but the Southern Coastal Plain (Suffolk and Chesapeake) yields were disappointing. In these locations, excessive rain (20-30 inches) from the hurricanes resulted in saturated soils and low light conditions. This in turn resulted in extremely small seed size that substantially reduced yields. Early planting problems followed by later hurricane damage in the full-season Chesapeake location resulted in extremely variable data; therefore, this location is not shown in this publication. In the full-season MG IV test in Suffolk, excessive variability resulting from saturated soils also caused the authors to not present this data. In the double crop MG IV test in Orange, high variability also caused authors not to present data. A few other locations also experienced high variability, therefore care must be taken when evaluating data from sites where the CV > 15.
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Tables 1 through 7 contain the results of the 1999. Tables 8-9 are yield summaries over all locations. The highest yielding varieties are listed first in each table. It is not statistically correct to compare varieties from different maturity groups. However, it is recommended that producers select two to three of the highest yielding varieties from each maturity group adapted to his region in order to spread out harvesting time and yield risks associated with timing of summer rainfall patterns. Because of year to year variability in variety performance it is suggested that data for varieties with less than three locations or years testing be considered preliminary. The average performance of a variety over multiple environments is more reliable than its performance in one test. Multiple-year data can be obtained from the authors. Many of the new varieties, which do not have two-year averages, are excellent and will probably earn a share of the Virginia soybean acreage. Other traits are also shown in the tables (maturity, lodging, height, quality, purple stain, seed size) because each producer emphasizes certain of these traits or a combination of them when selecting varieties for his farm. After examining these results, the producer may want to plant limited quantities of several new better performing varieties to observe how they perform on his farm and under his management conditions.
Within maturity groups at each location, an LSD (least significant difference) was calculated. The LSD is a statistical test calculated at the 10% probability level to aid the reader in comparing the yield differences among varieties within a particular maturity group. When two entries are compared and the difference between them is greater than the calculated LSD value, the varieties are considered to be significantly different. The "NS" designation indicates that there were no significant differences for yield among the varieties within that maturity group. The coefficient of variation (CV) is a relative measure of variation and is an indicator of the degree of precision associated with the test. For soybean variety evaluation tests, CV values less than 15% indicates that the precision of the test was good in distinguishing differences between varieties.
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The variety test were evaluated in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Roundup Ready varieties were tested separately from non-roundup ready varieties. Only Roundup Ultra herbicide was applied to the Roundup-Ready varieties. The non-Roundup Ready varieties in this test received the appropriate herbicide to control the weeds present. All test were weed free. Row widths, number of rows planted and harvested, and length of row harvested are shown on the production information page. Harvest was as near the date of first harvest maturity as work schedules and weather would permit. Fertilizer was applied according to VPI & SU soil test recommendations.
| Maturity Group | Full Season | Double-Crop |
|---|---|---|
| III | 190,000 | 220,000 |
| IV | 190,000 | 220,000 |
| V | 190,000 | 220,000 |
| VI | 190,000 | -- |
Yields were taken and adjusted to 13% moisture. A bushel weight of 60 pounds was used to determine bushel-per-acre (BU/AC) yield.
Maturity (MAT in DAYS) was taken at the date when 95% of the pods turned brown (R8).
Seed Size (SS) is measured as number of seed per pound
Lodging (LOD) notes are recorded on a scale of 1 to 5 according to the following criteria:
1.0 - almost all plants erect
2.0 - either all plants leaning slightly, or a few plants down
3.0 - either all plants leaning moderately (45o angle), or 25 to 50% down
4.0 - either all plants leaning considerably, or 50 to 80% down
5.0 - all plants down
Plant Height (HT) is determined as the average length of plants in a plot from the ground to the uppermost node of the plant at maturity.
Seed Quality (SQ) is rated from 1 to 5 according to the following scale: 1.0 = very good; 2.0 = good; 3.0 = fair; 4.0 = poor; 5.0 = very poor.
Purple Seed Stain (PSS) is the percentage of seed from a 100-seed sample that are affected with that disease
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| Location | Planting Date | Tillage System | Herbicides | Date Applied | Insecticides | Soil Type | Row Width | Number of Rows | Length of Row Harvested | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Planted | Harvested | |||||||||
| Blackstone-FS | 5/21 | Conv. | Dual 8E (Pre) | 5/21 | None | Chesterfield | 18" | 4 | 2 | 17= |
| NRR.BlazerBasagram | 6/25 | Mayodan | ||||||||
| RR:Roundup | 6/22 | Bourne | ||||||||
| Roundup | 7/28 | Complex | ||||||||
| Chesapeake-FS | 5/11 | No-Till | Reflex(Burn down) | 4/28 | Ridge Land | 18" | 4 | 3 | 17' | |
| NRR:Assure II, Storm | 6/2 | Asana | ||||||||
| RR:Roundup | 6/2 | |||||||||
| Orange-FS | 5/3 | No-Till | NRR:Assure II, Storm, Pinnacle | 5/27 | None | Davidson | 9" | 7 | 5 | 17= |
| Storm | 6/22 | |||||||||
| RR:Roundup ultra | 5/27 | |||||||||
| Roundup ultra | 6/22 | |||||||||
| Painter-FS | 6/24 | Conv. | Dual 8E (Pre) | 6/24 | Bojac SL | 18" | 4 | 3 | 17' | |
| NRR:Pinnacle | 7/19 | |||||||||
| Poast | 8/7 | Asana XL | ||||||||
| RR:Roundup | 7/28 | |||||||||
| Suffolk-FS | 5/13 | Conv. | Dua II(Pre) | 5/17 | None | Dragston | 18" | 4 | 3 | 17' |
| NRR:Storm, Assure II, Pinnacle | 6/4 | |||||||||
| Assure II, Blazer | 6/25 | |||||||||
| RR:Roundup Ultra | 6/3 | |||||||||
| Roundup Ultra | 6/25 | |||||||||
| Warsaw-FS | 6/23 | Conv. | Dual Broadstrike Pre | 5/25 | Kempsville loam | 30" | 4 | 2 | 12' | |
| NRR:Blazer | 6/25 | |||||||||
| RR:Roundup | 7/3 | |||||||||
| 8/24 | Worrior | |||||||||
| Blackstone-DC | 6/22 | No-Till | Roundup,Dual8E Pre | 6/22 | None | Chesterfield | 18 | 4 | 3 | 17" |
| NRR:Assure,Blazer | 7/28 | Mayodan | ||||||||
| Bourne | ||||||||||
| Complex | ||||||||||
| Chesapeake-DC | 6/28 | No-Till | NRR:Assure,Blazer | 7/22 | None | Acredale | 18" | 4 | 3 | 17= |
| RR:Roundup Ultra | 7/22 | |||||||||
| Orange-DC | 6/22 | No-Till | NRR:Assure II, Blazer | 7/9 | None | Davidson & Starr | 18" | 4 | 3 | 17= |
| RR:Roundup | 7/9 | |||||||||
| Painter-DC | 7/7 | No-Till | Roundup, Dual II, Magnum (Burndown) | Bojac SL | 18" | 4 | 3 | 17' | ||
| NRR:Poast Plus, | 8/7 | AsanaXL | ||||||||
| RR: Roundup | 8/7 | |||||||||
| Suffolk-DC | 7/2 | No-Till | Roundup,Dual(Burndown) | 6/2 | None | Eunola | 18" | 4 | 3 | 17' |
| NRR:Blazer Assurell | 721 | |||||||||
| NRR:Poast Plus, Storm | 8/10 | |||||||||
| RR: Roundup Ultra | 7/21 | |||||||||
| Roundup Ultra | 8/10 | |||||||||
| Warsaw-DC | 6/24 | No-Till | Roundup ,Dual(Burndown) | 6/24 | Kempsville Loam | 24" | 4 | 2 | 12= | |
| RR:Roundup | 7/26 | |||||||||
| 8/24 | Warrior | |||||||||
*FS = Full-Season, DC = Double-crop RR = Roundup Ready, NRR = Non Roundup Ready Return to Table of Contents
| Location | May | June | July | Aug. | Sept. | Oct. | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blackstone | 1999 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 13.1 | 2.9 | 25.1 |
| 32-yr Avg. | 3.39 | 3.59 | 5.25 | 3.94 | 3.92 | 2.66 | 22.75 | |
| Chesapeake | 1999 | 2.80 | 2.26 | 7.30 | 6.25 | 10.07 | 3.97 | 32.65 |
| 32-yr Avg. | 4.35 | 3.39 | 5.58 | 5.54 | 4.23 | 3.97 | 27.06 | |
| Orange | 1999 | 1.66 | .73 | 2.69 | 2.97 | 9.34 | 2.03 | 19.42 |
| 60-yr. Avg. | 3.89 | 3.70 | 4.57 | 3.99 | 3.59 | 3.50 | 23.24 | |
| Painter < | 1999 | 1.01 | 4.13 | 2.58 | 4.63 | 10.28 | 1.84 | 24.47 |
| 59-yr Avg. | 3.41 | 3.34 | 4.38 | 4.13 | 3.44 | 3.45 | 22.15 | |
| Suffolk | 1999 | 1.04 | 2.72 | 5.39 | 9.33 | 23.47 | 7.76 | 49.71 |
| 68-yr. Avg. | 3.73 | 4.16 | 5.86 | 5.82 | 4.41 | 3.45 | 27.43 | |
| Warsaw | 1999 | .55 | 3.64 | 3.32 | 2.95 | 11.88 | 2.62 | 24.96 |
| 35-yr Avg. | 4.36 | 3.74 | 4.16 | 3.99 | 4.24 | 3.26 | 23.75 |
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| Supplier | Brand | Variety |
|---|---|---|
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Agri-Biotec. Inc 120 Corporate Park Dr. Henderson, NV. 89014 | HT HTS HTX | HTS 4000, HT4301, HTX 4220, HTX4410, HTS4800, HT 5005, HTS 5410 |
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AgriPro Seeds Inc. 761 Walnut Lane, Suite 200 Memphis, TN 38018 | Hyperformer AgriPro | HY 4540N, HY 574, AP 3902, AP 4004, AP 4319, AP 4510 RR/N, AP4602, AP 4880, AP 4888 RR, AP 588RR |
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Clemson University Soybean Breeding Program Clemson, SC 29634 | Public | Musen, Dillion , SC 89-147, SC 91-2007 |
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Monsanto 3100 Sycamore Rd. Dekalb, IL 60115 | Asgrow Dekalb Hartz | AG3601, AG3701, AG4301, AG4601 CX391,CX 420c,CX414c,CX496,CX556, CX580 H3090, H4252, H 4918 RR, H4994 RR, H4998,H5000 RR, H5350 RR, H6255, H6686 RR |
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Delta-King 13941 Genite Rd. Amelia, Virginia 23002 | Delta King | DK4868, 4762RR,5664RR,DK 5661, 5961 RR |
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Delta & Pine Land Co. 8339 Appleton Rd. Brewton, AL. 36426 | Deltapine Sure-Grow | DP 3519S, DP4344, DP 4690,DP4750, DP4909, DP5354, DP 565 s, DP591, DPX8547, SG468, SG498, SG597 |
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Garst Seed Co. P.O. Box 414 Providence Forge, VA. 23140 | Garst | D437 RR/N, D445, D487, D485 |
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Georgia Seed Develop. Comm. 2420 South Milledge Av. Athens, GA 30605 | Public | Boggs |
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Hoffman Seeds 167 Greenfield Rd. Box 12400 Lancaster, PA. 17605-2400 | Hoffman | S46-W8,S42-M1, X9842, X9952, X9955,X9857, X9958 |
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Illinois Foundation Seeds Inc. P.O. box 722 Champaign, Il. 61820 | Public | Iroquois, Macon, Probst |
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Montague Farms Rt. 2 Box6 Center Cross, Va. 22437 | Montague | MFS-553, MFS-591, MFS-516 |
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Md. Crop Improv. Assoc. 50 Harry S. Truman Pkwy. Annapolis, MD 21401 | Public | Manokin, Md 92-5769 |
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Missouri Foundation Seed 3600 New Haven Road Columbia, MS 65201 | Public | Maverick |
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N. C. Foundation Seed, Inc. 4025 Beryl Rd. Raleigh, NC 27606 | Public | Clifford, Graham, Holladay, Prolina |
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Novartis Seeds Inc. P.O. Box 249 Grifton, NC. 28530 | NK | NK S53-Q7 NK S59-V6 NK S60-E4 |
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Ohio State University Soybean Breeding Program Wooster, OH 44691 | Public | Stressland, Croton 3.9 |
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Pioneer Hi-Bred, Int'l, Inc. 435 E. Smith Ave. Winterville, NC 28590 | Pioneer | 93B81, 93B82, 93B84 94B01,94B22, 94B45, 94B53, 9421, 9482, 94B41,94B53, 9492, 94B81, 95B32, 95B33, 95B41, 95B53, 95B71, 9594, 95B95, 96B01, 96B21, 9692 |
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Southern States Coop., Inc. 6606 West Broad Street P. O. Box 26234 Richmond, VA 23260 | Southern States | HT-381-STS, HT-527-STS, FFR 439, FFR-EXP-47355N , FFR-493, FFR-4985, FFR-5485N, FFR-551-STS, FFR-563n, RT-386, RT-3975, RT-446, RT-447, RT-517, RT-540N, RT5485N,RT-557, RT-560, EXP-47451-STS, EXP-88401N-RT |
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Terra International, Inc. 600 4th St, P. O. Box 6000 Sioux, City, IA 51102-6000 | Terra | TS 415 |
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Va .Foundation Seed, Inc. Box 78 Mt. Holly, VA 22524 | Public | Accomac, Chesapeake, Hutcheson, |
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VPI & SU, Agron. Dept. Soybean Breeding Program Agronomy Department Blacksburg, VA 24061 | Virginia Tech Breeding Lines | V90-1012, V91-3036, V92-0254, V92-0974, V92-697, V93-2329, V93-3114, V94-0189, V94-0198, V94-0436, V94-0552, V94-1263, V94-1295, V94-1382, V94-1401, V95-0016, V95-0086, V95-0087V95-0247, V95-0391, V95-0242, V95-0513, V95-0596, V95-1187, V96-2554, V96-4161, V96-8032, Essex, Essex RSV1, Essex RSV4 |
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Unisouth Genetics Inc. 2640-c Nolensville Rd. Nashville, TN. 37211 | USG | USG 7478N, USG 7499, USG 7528, USG 7547RR, USG 7548, USG 7557RR |
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Disclaimer: Trade and brand names are used only for the purpose of information and the sponsors do not guarantee nor warrant the standards of the product, nor do they imply approval of the product to the exclusion of others which may also be suitable.
Virginia Cooperative Extension programs and employment are open to all, regardless of race, color, religion, sex, age, veteran status, national origin, disability, or political affiliation. An equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and the U. S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. J. David Barrett, Director, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; Lorenza W. Lyons, Administrator, 1890 Extension Programs, Virginia State, Petersburg.
